![]() When depressive realism and unrealistic optimism are examined together (see Refs. For instance, when people think about the future, they tend to underestimate their chances of developing cancer or getting a divorce. Unrealistic optimism tells us that predictions made by people in a nonclinical sample are more optimistic than is objectively warranted by the evidence. ![]() For instance, when asked to assess their own performance in a novel task and in the absence of feedback, people with depression are more likely to assess their performance accurately than controls. Depressive realism tells us that people with depression make more accurate judgements and realistic predictions than people without depression. Compare unrealistic optimism and depressive realism. Realistic beliefs and expectations can be conducive to wellbeing and good functioning, and wildly optimistic cognitions have considerable psychological costs.ĭo accurate cognitions make us happy? It would seem not. We should revisit the hypothesis that optimistic cognitions are psychologically adaptive, whereas realistic thinking is not. However, the challenge is to determine to what extent and in what way unrealistic optimism is beneficial. ![]() Unrealistic optimism remains a robust phenomenon across a variety of tasks and domains, and researchers are starting to explore its neural bases. Recent investigations suggest that people with depressive symptoms are more accurate than controls in tasks involving time perception and estimates of personal circumstances, but not in other tasks. Recent studies recommend being cautious in drawing any general conclusion about the style of thinking and mental health. What is the relationship between rationality and mental health? By considering the psychological literature on depressive realism and unrealistic optimism, it was hypothesized that, in the context of judgments about the self, accurate cognitions are psychologically maladaptive and inaccurate cognitions are psychologically adaptive.
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